LongevityKEDGLys-Glu-Asp-Gly

Testagen (KEDG)

Khavinson 'Cytogen' synthetic tetrapeptide · marketed for testosterone/prostate · but the actual data are thyroid-only, in birds, single-school

Testagen is a synthetic tetrapeptide — Lys-Glu-Asp-Gly (KEDG) — from the 'Cytogen' line of short 'peptide bioregulators' developed by Vladimir Khavinson and the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology in Russia. Its name points at the testes, and vendors sell it for testosterone, reproductive and prostate support. That marketing is the problem. The chemistry itself is plausible and internally consistent — the sequence and molecular formula hold up by calculation, and a 2025 paper even uses the same KEDG molecule. But every confirmed biological study on this peptide was done on the thyroid axis, in hypophysectomized birds, by a single Russian research group — not on the gonads, not on testosterone, and not in humans. No study shows it raises testosterone, restores fertility, or helps the prostate. The one genuinely independent 2025 peer-reviewed paper that mentions KEDG is a copper-corrosion materials study with no relevance to human health — yet it is exactly the kind of thing that gets misrepresented as 'proof.' The honest framing: a real little tetrapeptide whose name and marketing aim at the testes while its actual, thin, animal-only evidence aims at the thyroid — and even that has never been independently reproduced.

The short version

Testagen is a trade name for KEDG, a synthetic peptide of four amino acids (lysine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine). It belongs to a Russian family of tiny 'bioregulator' peptides designed by Vladimir Khavinson's group, where each peptide is assigned a target organ. Testagen's name points at the testes, and it is sold for testosterone, fertility and prostate health.

Here is the catch. The actual published studies on this molecule are not about the testes at all — they are about the thyroid gland, and they were done in birds whose pituitary gland had been removed, by a single Russian research group. None of them measured testosterone, sperm, or prostate outcomes, and none were done in people. So the name and the marketing point one way while the evidence points another.

The chemistry is real enough — the sequence and weight check out by calculation. But 'the molecule exists' is not the same as 'it does what the label says.' There is no controlled human trial behind any of Testagen's reproductive claims, and there is no independent confirmation of even the thyroid findings. A 2025 scientific paper does mention KEDG, but it is about stopping copper from corroding — nothing to do with hormones or health. Testagen is best read as an experimental peptide with a misleading name and a thin, animal-only, single-source evidence base.

Molecular identity

Specs

Molecular weight: 447.4 g/mol
Monoisotopic mass: 447.1965 Da

Sequence (4 AA): Lys-Glu-Asp-Gly (KEDG) — H-Lys-Glu-Asp-Gly-OH, all-L (free acid)PubChem CID 123863700; sequence used in PMID 40807317
Structure / class: Synthetic tetrapeptide; Khavinson 'Cytogen' bioregulatorKhavinson-school literature
Molecular formula: C₁₇H₂₉N₅O₉PubChem CID 123863700 (matches residue calc: Lys+Glu+Asp+Gly − 3 H₂O)
PubChem CID: 123863700 (resolves via the sequence name H-Lys-Glu-Asp-Gly-OH; all-L stereo record)PubChem — note: trade name 'Testagen' / 'KEDG' are not PubChem synonyms
InChIKey: HKEYFJLTNCUNAD-DCAQKATOSA-NPubChem CID 123863700
CAS / UNII: Unverified — not assertedVendor-quoted CAS 1026993-38-3 unconfirmed; no UNII in the PubChem record
Water solubility: Freely water-soluble (small, highly polar free-acid tetrapeptide; reconstituted in bacteriostatic water)Structural inference (ionizable Lys/Glu/Asp side chains)
Molecular target: No classic receptor identified. Vendor positioning is testosterone/reproductive/prostate — NOT supported by the actual studies, which are thyroid-axis (in birds, single-school)Vendor marketing vs. confirmed literature
Half-life: Not established (no published human pharmacokinetics)Not established
Regulatory status: Not approved by any major drug regulator; no human trials locatedNo NDA/BLA/EMA record located

Plain English

Mechanism

The Khavinson school proposes that ultra-short peptides like KEDG act as direct 'epigenetic' gene regulators — the peptide enters the cell, reaches the nucleus, binds specific DNA or chromatin regions, and turns target genes up or down. For Testagen the marketed story is endocrine/reproductive, but the demonstrated experimental effect is on the thyroid axis: in hypophysectomized birds, KEDG (often together with the related peptide AEDG/Epitalon) was reported to raise thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid hormones and to partly restore thyroid gland structure.

Two things must be said plainly. First, the 'short peptide = direct epigenetic gene regulator' model is a single-school hypothesis — internally consistent across the network's own papers, never independently validated outside it. Second, even taken at face value, the demonstrated signal is thyroid, not gonadal. There is no mechanistic evidence that Testagen acts on the testes, raises testosterone, or affects the prostate.

So the honest mechanistic picture is narrow and mismatched to the marketing: an unproven gene-regulation hypothesis, plus a thin set of animal thyroid findings, plus a name and a sales pitch aimed at a completely different organ system.

Sources:PMID 19024016 PMID 22268052

Why people reach for it

Potential benefits

Testagen (KEDG) is marketed for testosterone and the reproductive axis — but its name points one way while its actual evidence points another. Here's what draws people to it, with the mismatch flagged honestly throughout.

A testosterone / reproductive angle people pursue — The name and the marketing aim at the testes, so people reach for it hoping to support testosterone, fertility, and prostate health — but it's essential to be plain: no study shows Testagen raises testosterone or helps any reproductive endpoint, so this is the marketed hope, not a demonstrated effect.
What the actual studies touched: the thyroid (in birds) — Every confirmed primary study on KEDG is on the thyroid axis in hypophysectomized birds, where it was reported to raise thyroid hormones and partly restore thyroid structure — an animal, single-school signal on a different organ than the one customers expect.
The 'reproductive/longevity' tile of the bioregulator set — Within Khavinson's one-peptide-per-tissue concept it's the testis-assigned member, which is why it appears in longevity-style multi-peptide courses — a framework slot, not proof it acts on that tissue.
The honest reproductive levers, named — If the real goal is testosterone, the cofactor work on this page (zinc, vitamin D, magnesium, sleep, resistance training) and HPG-axis peptides like Gonadorelin and Kisspeptin-10 have actual human data, unlike Testagen.
Runs as a short, defined course — Like the rest of the family, Testagen is used in brief pulsed courses (a 10-day Cytogen course, 1–2 times a year) rather than daily indefinitely — a contained pattern that fits the bioregulator approach.

Sources:PMID 19024016 PMID 22268052 PMID 23658898

What people reach for Testagen for, drawn from its marketing and from what the research actually reports (single-school, animal, thyroid-axis only) — not proven human outcomes or medical claims. Its reproductive reputation is unsupported by any study.

Implied timing

Best time to dose

Implied best time

Anytime (consistent)

Time of day isn't critical for Testagen — pick one daily time you'll actually keep, and hold it across the course.

Testagen has no circadian mechanism to anchor a time of day. Its only confirmed biology is thyroid-axis signaling in birds, and there is no published chronobiology for KEDG in any species — so nothing pulls the dose toward morning or evening.
Unlike GH-axis peptides (where bedtime matters because growth hormone pulses at night) or the pineal members of this family (Epitalon, Pinealon), Testagen has no timing-relevant signal, so any consistent slot is fine.
Even the marketed reproductive rationale doesn't help: it isn't supported by any study, so there's no evidence-based reason to time it to, say, a testosterone rhythm. Consistency is the only defensible guidance.
Testagen is run in short pulsed courses (a 10-day Cytogen course), so holding the same daily time across the course is what actually matters; morning is a fine default simply because it's easy to remember.

No study establishes an ideal time of day for Testagen — this is reasoned from its (non-circadian, thyroid-axis-only) evidence and how it's used. As a rule of thumb most peptide dosing lands in the midday-to-evening window; for Testagen the time of day isn't critical, so consistency is the verdict.

How to run it

Dosing & protocol

Testagen is dosed here as a subcutaneous injection — the form sold as a research peptide and the route the on-page calculator is built for. There is no established human dose: no human trial of KEDG exists in the confirmed literature. The ranges below are community convention only, derived entirely from the Khavinson-school oral-capsule 'Cytogen course' schedules adapted for injectable use — not from a clinical study. Read it as a map of what is typically done, not a protocol with an evidence base.

No established human dose — no human trials of Testagen exist. Every number here is community convention extrapolated from a vendor 'Cytogen course'; the underlying biology the marketing claims (testes / testosterone) is itself unsupported by any study. The actual animal data concern the thyroid, in birds.

Dose — no established human dose

Because no human trial exists, there is no dose to validate. The ranges below are the community convention for injectable use, adapted from the Khavinson oral-capsule protocols.

Convention range:: 500–1,000 mcg once daily by subcutaneous injection — the range that appears most often in online community protocols for injectable use, corresponding roughly to the Cytogen capsule-course doses converted to mcg.
Route:: Subcutaneous injection. The original Khavinson-school animal research used injection in bird models; the over-the-counter Cytogen line uses oral capsules (no published human pharmacokinetic data confirm meaningful oral uptake of an unprotected tetrapeptide). The practical form sold as a research peptide is injectable.
Honest caveat:: These numbers are not from a clinical trial. The name-vs-evidence mismatch means that even the biological rationale for reproductive dosing is on shaky ground — the confirmed studies test the thyroid in birds, not the gonads. There is no dose that is 'correct' for an unvalidated use.

Subcutaneous administration

Testagen is injected into subcutaneous fat. Site rotation and timing are the practical choices.

Injection site:: The abdomen (staying a couple of inches clear of the navel), the love-handle area, or the outer thigh. Rotate sites between doses to prevent local irritation and fatty lumps (lipohypertrophy).
Measuring the dose:: Drawn on a U-100 insulin syringe from the reconstituted vial. At the calculator's default mix (10 mg vial + 2 mL bacteriostatic water = 5,000 mcg/mL): 500 mcg = 10 IU · 750 mcg = 15 IU · 1,000 mcg = 20 IU. The on-page calculator adjusts for any vial size.
Time of day:: Time of day isn't critical for Testagen — see Best time to dose above. Morning is a common default, but no peptide-specific timing insight exists: unlike GH-axis peptides (where bedtime matters because GH is pulsed nocturnally) or cortisol-linked peptides, there is no published chronobiology for KEDG in any species, so a consistent daily time across the course matters more than the exact hour.
Food window:: Subcutaneous injection bypasses the digestive tract, so food timing has no known effect on subcutaneous absorption.

Cycle & washout

Khavinson-school bioregulators are traditionally run as fixed courses rather than indefinitely — the vendor convention is a course of days, then a break, rather than daily indefinite use.

Cytogen-school course convention:: The traditional Khavinson format for Cytogen peptides is a 10-day course, 1–2 times per year — sometimes described as spring and autumn. This is a vendor protocol, not a clinical finding.
Alternative community approach:: Some users run a 4–6 week cycle followed by a 4-week washout, mirroring the format used for other experimental bioregulator peptides. There is no data on which schedule (if either) produces better outcomes.
Washout rationale:: Pulsed use is the convention across the Khavinson family, framed as mimicking the natural episodic signaling of endogenous peptides. No receptor-desensitization data exist for KEDG specifically.

Reconstitution at a glance

The on-page calculator does this live; the quick reference for a 10 mg vial with 2 mL bacteriostatic water:

Mixing:: 10 mg vial + 2 mL bacteriostatic water = 5,000 mcg per mL. On a 100-unit (1 mL) insulin syringe: 500 mcg = 10 IU · 750 mcg = 15 IU · 1,000 mcg = 20 IU.
Why 2 mL:: The calculator default for this vial size. A lower dilution (2 mL vs 5 mL) means fewer units per dose, which is fine at these microgram ranges — use whichever volume your syringe handles most accurately.

Sources:PMID 19024016 PMID 22268052

Substrate the signal needs

Nutritional cofactor precision

The honest framing here starts with the mismatch: Testagen's name and marketing target the male reproductive axis, but the only confirmed biology is thyroid-axis signaling in birds. So the cofactor question becomes: what does the reproductive axis Testagen is MARKETED for actually run on? The answer is a short list of minerals and lifestyle factors — and here is the key point: these proven inputs (zinc adequacy, vitamin D sufficiency, sleep, resistance training, adequate body fat) are far stronger levers for testosterone and reproductive function than an unproven and evidence-mismatched peptide. Fix the foundations first.

Cofactors are reasoned from male reproductive physiology — the axis Testagen is marketed for, not the thyroid axis the actual studies touch. None of these are Testagen-specific findings. The proven nutritional levers for testosterone are in this list; the peptide's reproductive evidence is not.

Testosterone-synthesis substrates (the proven levers)

Zinc, vitamin D, and magnesium are the three nutrients most directly linked to testosterone production in primary literature. A real deficiency in any of them is associated with lower testosterone. Correcting a deficiency here does far more than a peptide whose reproductive evidence is nonexistent.

Zinc:: 15–30 mg zinc picolinate or bisglycinate daily. Zinc is a required cofactor in the steroidogenesis pathway and in pituitary LH secretion. Deficiency suppresses testosterone; repletion restores it. Pair with 1–2 mg copper bisglycinate on any course longer than 4 weeks to prevent copper depletion from high-dose zinc.
Vitamin D:: 2,000–5,000 IU vitamin D₃ daily with a fatty meal, or dose to a 25-OH-D blood level of 40–60 ng/mL. Vitamin D receptors are present in Leydig cells (testicular testosterone producers) and the pituitary. Deficiency is common and associated with lower testosterone in population studies.
Magnesium:: 300–400 mg magnesium glycinate or malate at bedtime. Magnesium supports LH receptor signaling and free testosterone (it competes with SHBG binding). Deficiency is underdiagnosed. Timing at bedtime also supports the sleep quality that the HPG axis depends on.
Boron:: 3–10 mg boron (as boron citrate or glycinate) daily. A small clinical trial showed boron supplementation for one week reduced SHBG and raised free testosterone and DHT — a real, if modest, finding. At 3–6 mg this is a low-risk add-on.

Lifestyle amplifiers (the largest lever, period)

The male HPG axis is energy-gated and stimulus-gated. These inputs do more for testosterone and reproductive function than any experimental peptide, and they are the correct first step regardless of what else is being run.

Adequate energy and body fat:: The HPG axis down-regulates under caloric restriction and at very low body fat (below ~8–10% for most men). This is the single most commonly overlooked testosterone suppressor. Adequate total energy — not chronic deficit — is non-negotiable.
Resistance training:: Compound, progressive resistance exercise (squat, deadlift, press) acutely raises testosterone and chronically supports the HPG axis. This is one of the best-established lifestyle inputs for male reproductive hormones. 3–4 sessions per week, 45–75 minutes, high relative effort.
Sleep quality:: ~80% of daily testosterone is secreted during sleep. Chronic sleep deprivation (below 6–7 hours) measurably suppresses morning testosterone. Sleep is a cofactor with effect sizes comparable to any supplement on this list.

Antioxidant support for testicular function

The testes are metabolically active tissue with high oxidative stress. Selenium and vitamin E support the antioxidant system specifically relevant to spermatogenesis — the reproductive sub-goal with the most nutritional evidence.

Selenium:: 100–200 mcg selenium (as selenomethionine or Se-enriched yeast) daily. Selenium is required for GPx5 and other testicular antioxidant enzymes; deficiency impairs sperm quality. Stay below 400 mcg/day — selenium has a narrow therapeutic window.
Vitamin E:: 100–200 IU mixed tocopherols daily. Works synergistically with selenium in the testicular antioxidant defense. Avoid isolated alpha-tocopherol at high doses (gamma-tocopherol depletion risk); mixed-tocopherol formulations are safer.
Timing:: Selenium and vitamin E both with a fatty meal (fat-soluble; selenium absorption is also improved with food). Morning or midday.

Combinations + timing

Stacking notes + timing windows

Two stack contexts exist for Testagen. The first is the Khavinson 'Cytogen' family logic — one peptide per organ, run as a multi-peptide course — but this multiplies speculation: stacking single-school, unreplicated bioregulators compounds the uncertainty of each. The second context is honest: if the actual goal is the reproductive/HPG axis that Testagen's name implies, the most credible peptide tools for that goal are Gonadorelin and Kisspeptin-10, which act directly on the HPG axis — not a peptide whose confirmed evidence is thyroid-axis, in birds. The stacks below are labeled precisely for what they are.

No stack here has been tested against a reproductive outcome. Testagen's own evidence isn't reproductive — pairing it with other peptides for a testosterone goal is doubly speculative: the partner peptides have their own evidence limits, and Testagen's contribution to the stated goal is unproven.

Testagen + Epitalon (AEDG) — Khavinson family pairing

The most natural Khavinson pairing — Testagen and Epitalon (AEDG) are the two peptides most commonly combined in the original animal thyroid studies.

Why it is done:: In the Kuznik-school bird studies, KEDG and AEDG were often administered together, and the combined effect on thyroid hormones was the experimental finding. In the Cytogen system, each peptide is assigned a different organ, so combining them is framed as covering multiple tissue targets simultaneously.
The protocol:: Testagen 500–1,000 mcg subcutaneously daily + Epitalon 5–10 mg subcutaneously daily, run as a concurrent course (10–20 days, Cytogen convention). Both are single-school, animal-only compounds.
Honest flag:: Stacking two Khavinson bioregulators multiplies the speculation: neither has independent replication, neither has a human trial, and the combined protocol has never been tested at all. This is a vendor-convention stack, not a synergy supported by any study.

If the goal is HPG / testosterone: consider Gonadorelin or Kisspeptin-10 instead

If the reproductive and testosterone goals are the actual target, these are the peptides that actually act on the HPG axis — not Testagen.

Why they are the honest choice:: Gonadorelin is a synthetic GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) — the signal at the top of the HPG axis that drives LH/FSH, which drives testosterone. Kisspeptin-10 is the upstream pulse generator for GnRH — it directly stimulates the reproductive axis. Both have human pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data. Testagen has none of this for any reproductive endpoint.
The protocol:: Gonadorelin is typically used at 100 mcg subcutaneously per dose, pulsatile (every 90–120 minutes in research settings for true GnRH-axis stimulation; simplified community protocols use 2–3× daily). Kisspeptin-10 at 100–300 mcg subcutaneously, with timing matched to the natural LH-pulse window. Both have their own pages — read those for the full picture.
Combining with Testagen:: Pairing Gonadorelin or Kisspeptin-10 with Testagen adds a peptide whose reproductive mechanism is entirely undemonstrated to a stack that already has a real HPG-axis signal. It adds complexity and cost without an evidence-based rationale. If the reproductive goal is the priority, the HPG-axis peptides alone are the more coherent approach.

Testagen + Thymalin / Thymosin peptides — immune and thymic support

A more evidence-aligned Khavinson pairing: the animal data for Testagen include thymus-morphology effects alongside the thyroid work, which at least points at a shared immune-endocrine theme.

Why it is done:: Pateyuk 2013 (PMID 23658898) found thymus morphology changes in the same bird model used for thyroid endpoints. Thymalin (a Khavinson thymus extract) and thymic peptides like Thymosin Alpha-1 address immune function more directly. In the Cytogen multi-organ-course framework, the thymus target (Thymalin) plus the testicular/thyroid target (Testagen) covers two organ systems simultaneously.
The protocol:: Testagen 500–1,000 mcg + Thymalin (or Thymosin Alpha-1 1–1.5 mg) subcutaneously, run concurrently on the Cytogen course schedule. Again: both are single-school in the case of Thymalin, and Thymosin Alpha-1's most rigorous human trial was null — read that page's honesty axis before combining.
Outcome context:: This pairing fits an immune-modulation / healthy-aging framing better than a testosterone framing, which at least aligns with the actual (thyroid + thymus, in birds) animal evidence. It does not make the combination proven, but it is the more intellectually honest goal assignment for this peptide.

Reconstitution math

Reconstitution calculator

Calculated for a 1 mL U-100 insulin syringe (100 units/mL).

Peptide per vial

BAC water added

Desired dose

Units per dose

Draw to this mark on a U-100 syringe

Volume per dose: 0.2 mL
Doses per vial: 10
Concentration: 5 mg/mL

One vial lasts

Daily: 10 days
Every other day: 20 days
5×/week: 14 days

Research use only. Not for human consumption. Outputs are reference values based on research literature — verify all measurements independently.

From the studies

Side effects from research

There is no meaningful human safety database for Testagen. The research is animal-only and was not designed to characterise side effects, rare events, or long-term risk in people. Absence of reported harm in bird experiments is not the same as a demonstrated safety profile.

Because the product is marketed for hormones and reproduction — uses no study supports — the lack of any controlled human data is especially worth flagging. There is simply no reliable evidence about how it behaves in people at any dose or duration.

Gray-market sourcing adds purity and identity risk independent of the peptide. The honest summary: Testagen's human safety is uncharacterised, not established.

Sources:PMID 19024016

As reported in literature

Research dosing ranges

These are experimental settings from animal studies — all from one Khavinson-network group, all in hypophysectomized birds — shown for reference only. There is no human dose, no approved regimen, and no independent replication. Note what was actually tested: the THYROID axis, not the testes. The gap between the studies (bird thyroid) and the marketing (human testosterone/prostate) is the whole point.

Dose	Route	Model	Outcome	Sources:
In vivo	Animal study	Neonatally hypophysectomized chickens (Kuznik 2008, Bull Exp Biol Med)	KEDG (with AEDG) reportedly increased TSH and thyroid hormones and partly restored thyroid gland structure — a thyroid-axis result, not a gonadal one	PMID 19024016
In vivo	Animal study	Hypophysectomized young chickens and old hens (Kuznik 2011, Bull Exp Biol Med)	Reported hormonal activity and thyroid structural effects; still thyroid-focused, still single-school, still in birds	PMID 22268052
In vivo	Animal study	Hypophysectomized chickens — immunity / hemostasis (Kuznik 2010, Patol Fiziol Eksp Ter, Russian)	Reported effects on immunity, blood clotting and thyroid morphology — broad animal readouts, no human relevance established	PMID 20731122
In vivo	Animal study	Hypophysectomized young and old birds — thymus (Pateyuk 2013, Bull Exp Biol Med)	Reported changes in thymus morphology; another organ entirely, and again only in birds	PMID 23658898

Quick answers

Frequently asked

What is Testagen?

It is a trade name for KEDG, a synthetic tetrapeptide (Lys-Glu-Asp-Gly) from Vladimir Khavinson's Russian 'Cytogen' line of short peptide bioregulators. The chemistry is plausible, but its database identity (PubChem CID, CAS, UNII) could not be confirmed, and its evidence base is thin, animal-only and single-school.

Does Testagen boost testosterone or help the prostate?

There is no evidence that it does. Despite the name and the marketing, every confirmed study is about the thyroid axis, in hypophysectomized birds — not the testes, not testosterone, not the prostate, and not in humans. Treat the reproductive claims as unsupported vendor framing.

What do the actual studies show?

Animal, thyroid-focused results from a single Russian research group: in birds whose pituitary was removed, KEDG (often with a related peptide) was reported to raise thyroid hormones and partly restore thyroid structure. No human trials, no independent replication.

Isn't there a 2025 peer-reviewed study on Testagen?

There is a real 2025 paper that uses the KEDG molecule — but it is a materials-science study about preventing copper from corroding, with no relevance to hormones or human health. It should not be presented as clinical validation.

Is there a known dose?

No. There is no citable, trial-grounded human dose — there are no human trials at all. Any mg amounts or 'courses' from vendors are unverified.

If I want to support testosterone, what should I actually use?

The evidence-based approach starts with nutrition and lifestyle: zinc adequacy, vitamin D sufficiency, magnesium, adequate sleep, resistance training, and sufficient body-fat — these have real human data and far outperform any experimental peptide. If a peptide tool is wanted, Gonadorelin and Kisspeptin-10 act directly on the HPG axis and have human pharmacological data, unlike Testagen. The Testagen page's cofactor section covers this in full.

Primary sources

References

PMID 19024016Kuznik BI, Pateyuk AV, Rusaeva NS, Bull Exp Biol Med 2008 — KEDG (with AEDG) in neonatally hypophysectomized chickens: increased TSH and thyroid hormones, partial thyroid structural recovery (animal; single-school)
PMID 22268052Kuznik BI, Pateyuk AV et al., Bull Exp Biol Med 2011 — hormonal activity and thyroid structure in hypophysectomized young chickens and old hens (animal; single-school)
PMID 20731122Kuznik BI, Pateiuk AV et al., Patol Fiziol Eksp Ter 2010 (Russian) — effects on immunity, hemostasis and thyroid morphology in hypophysectomized chickens (animal; single-school)
PMID 23658898Pateyuk AV, Baranchugova LM, Rusaeva NS, Obydenko VI, Kuznik BI, Bull Exp Biol Med 2013 — effect on thymus morphology in hypophysectomized young and old birds (animal; single-school)
PMID 40807317Dobriţescu A, Samide A, Cioateră N et al., Molecules 2025 — KEDG ('Testagen peptide') as a COPPER-CORROSION inhibitor in saline. MATERIALS-SCIENCE study, NOT biomedical: it confirms the sequence but says nothing about hormones, thyroid, testes or health. Listed only to flag misrepresentation

Research use only · Not medical advice · Updated 2026-06-01